PBRS Post-Breakout Recovery Serum (30ml)

What it is:

An intensive recovery serum for acne dark spots, redness, damaged skin barrier, fine lines and dry patches left behind after breakouts. 

What it does:

4% Niacinamide, 2% Alpha Arbutin, 2% Acetyl Glucosamine and 1.5% Tranexamic Acid work in synergy to fade red and dark spots caused by acne. Enriched with three types of ceramides and two types of peptides to keep the skin barrier intact and supple, and reduce the appearance of fine lines.

Ingredients:

Water, Niacinamide, Alpha Arbutin, Acetyl Glucosamine, Isononyl Isononanoate, Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Tranexamic Acid, Ceramide NP, Ceramide AP, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, Ceramide EOP, Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, Phytosphingosine, Cholesterol, Sodium Lauroyl Lactylate, Phenoxyethanol, Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP Copolymer, Ethylhexylglycerin, Carbomer, Xanthan Gum.

How to use:

After cleansing and toning, apply 1-2 pumps of product

Pro tip:

Use sunscreen during the day to protect your skin from sun damage.

More about PBRS:

• This product is suitable for all skin types.
• This product is free from animal-derivative, fragrance, and essential oil.
• Proudly made in Malaysia
• NOT221002509K

Precaution:

• Patch test before use. If skin irritation occurs, discontinue use and consult a doctor.
• This product is free from animal-derived ingredients.
• Store in a cool, dry place away from heat and sunlight.
• Period after opening: 12 months

R&D

Barrier-restoring:

• Ceramide-containing moisturizers can help with skin's barrier:
  • https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3970828/
  • https://doi.org/10.2147/CCID.S177697
• Niacinamide can increase biosynthesis of ceramides:
  • https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2000.03705.x

Brightening:

• This study shows Niacinamide may reduce hyperpigmented spots:
  • https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.2004.00228.x
• This study shows that Acetyl Glucosamine when paired with Niacinamide is effective at reducing hyperpigmentation:
  • https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1473-2165.2007.00295.x
• To reduce hyperpigmentation, Alpha Arbutin can be used when formulated with a penetration enhancer. In our formula, Butylene Glycol acts as a penetration enhancer as well as humectant:
  • https://doi.org/10.3109/10717544.2014.951102
  • Alpha Arbutin Fact Sheet
• Tranexamic Acid to reduce pigmentation

Formulation:

• Transdermal delivery systems in cosmetics:
  • Biomedical Dermatology
  • https://dx.doi.org/10.7573%2Fdic.212530